摘要:本文(wen)針對(dui)高校(xiao)學生公寓用電特點,從安全(quan)用電角度提出了一套集用電管(guan)理(li)、計量、惡性負載智能識別控(kong)制、實時(shi)跟蹤檢測等功能于一體的數(shu)字(zi)化安全(quan)用電管(guan)理(li)系統技術解決方(fang)案———學生公寓智能控(kong)電管(guan)理(li)系統。

關鍵詞:公寓惡性負(fu)載安全(quan)用電(dian)智(zhi)能(neng)系統

0、引言

近年來,為了(le)(le)響(xiang)應國(guo)家創建節(jie)約型(xing)社(she)(she)(she)會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號召,伴隨著(zhu)高(gao)等(deng)學(xue)校后勤社(she)(she)(she)會化改革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)迅速推進(jin),各地(di)高(gao)等(deng)學(xue)校對原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)校內學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)寓(yu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)模式。各地(di)、各高(gao)等(deng)學(xue)校積極(ji)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)社(she)(she)(she)會資金,通過(guo)各種渠道,采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)社(she)(she)(she)會化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法,建設了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)高(gao)質量高(gao)標準的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)寓(yu),較大(da)地(di)改善(shan)了(le)(le)大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活與(yu)學(xue)習條(tiao)件,受到了(le)(le)高(gao)等(deng)學(xue)校師生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普遍歡(huan)迎(ying)。公(gong)(gong)寓(yu)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配置由過(guo)去(qu)滿足基本生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活需(xu)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設備,到如今設有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱水器(qi)、空調、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、浴霸等(deng)。傳統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)寓(yu)采(cai)取限電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流、定時間斷送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理(li)模式顯然無法滿足大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)需(xu)求。更值得一(yi)(yi)(yi)提的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是被稱之為惡性負載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi),如燒開水用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐、“熱得快(kuai)"等(deng)產品,這些違(wei)章電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)給學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)寓(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)帶(dai)來了(le)(le)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)隱患(huan),對學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)財產安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)造成極(ji)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)威(wei)脅。為了(le)(le)解(jie)決(jue)高(gao)校學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)寓(yu)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)諸(zhu)多(duo)問(wen)題,筆者經過(guo)多(duo)方調研,在原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)宿舍集中(zhong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上,從安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)角度提出了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)套適合高(gao)校學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)寓(yu)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數字化安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理(li)系統(tong)(tong)技術解(jie)決(jue)方案———學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)寓(yu)智能控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理(li)系統(tong)(tong)。

1、系統基本要求

(1)下(xia)圖為學生公寓(yu)智能(neng)控(kong)電(dian)管(guan)(guan)理系(xi)統的(de)結構框圖。本系(xi)統中的(de)數字化控(kong)制模(mo)塊采用(yong)智能(neng)化數學模(mo)型控(kong)制技術(shu),集用(yong)電(dian)管(guan)(guan)理、計量(liang)、惡性負(fu)載智能(neng)識別(bie)控(kong)制、實(shi)時跟蹤檢測等優點于一(yi)身,是學生公寓(yu)智能(neng)控(kong)電(dian)管(guan)(guan)理系(xi)統的(de)核心部分。

(2)組(zu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)方(fang)式。本系統采(cai)(cai)用分布(bu)式單元控制設計原則,結構(gou)簡單,既(ji)可以采(cai)(cai)用成本低、對網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)布(bu)線要求不(bu)高的RS-485總線進行(xing)組(zu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),也可以采(cai)(cai)用高校(xiao)(xiao)校(xiao)(xiao)園局域網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)進行(xing)組(zu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),更可以采(cai)(cai)用中國(guo)移動GSM無線網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)進行(xing)組(zu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。在(zai)此我們以第一種組(zu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)方(fang)式進行(xing)技術(shu)分析。

(3)系統(tong)微機(ji)的基本配置:CPU主頻(pin)1.7GHz及以上;操作系統(tong):主流(liu)操作系統(tong),如Windows2000/XP;內存;硬盤;顯(xian)示器等。

2、系統基(ji)本功能及(ji)原理

(一)單元(yuan)控制(zhi)模塊(kuai)基本功能

1數(shu)據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)(ji)、傳(chuan)輸(shu)與惡性負載智能(neng)識別控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)。2集(ji)(ji)成電(dian)路(lu)芯(xin)片。單(dan)元(yuan)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)塊(kuai)要求具(ju)備解釋(shi)并(bing)執行系統(tong)微機指(zhi)令(ling)的功能(neng),每個單(dan)元(yuan)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)塊(kuai)分管8個房間控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)塊(kuai),采(cai)用超(chao)大規(gui)模(mo)集(ji)(ji)成電(dian)路(lu)芯(xin)片,集(ji)(ji)成獨立(li)的CPU單(dan)元(yuan)和數(shu)據(ju)處(chu)理單(dan)元(yuan),即使(shi)數(shu)據(ju)傳(chuan)輸(shu)線路(lu)有(you)故障(zhang)或斷(duan)電(dian)也不會引起數(shu)據(ju)丟失。單(dan)元(yuan)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)塊(kuai)內部須設(she)置可靠的電(dian)源(yuan)檢測電(dian)路(lu)、看門(men)狗電(dian)路(lu)、數(shu)據(ju)存(cun)儲保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)路(lu),具(ju)有(you)過(guo)(guo)載斷(duan)電(dian)、斷(duan)電(dian)自(zi)動恢(hui)復能(neng)力和防(fang)雷、防(fang)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)壓措施,并(bing)在系統(tong)管理程序(xu)上實現(xian)數(shu)據(ju)備份(fen)、數(shu)據(ju)校驗處(chu)理、數(shu)據(ju)塊(kuai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)處(chu)理及指(zhi)令(ling)冗余(yu)等抗干擾措施,使(shi)整個系統(tong)穩定(ding)可靠的運行。

(2)房間控制(zhi)模塊基(ji)本功能

1、計(ji)量(liang)。房(fang)間控制(zhi)模塊發送計(ji)量(liang)脈沖信號(hao),執行計(ji)量(liang)任務(wu)。

2、控制(zhi)。房(fang)間控制(zhi)模塊(kuai)執行(xing)單元控制(zhi)模塊(kuai)發(fa)出的(de)指(zhi)令,接通或斷開房(fang)間的(de)總電(dian)源。模塊(kuai)的(de)關(guan)鍵部件為繼電(dian)器,可選用新型的(de)大電(dian)流電(dian)觸點的(de)磁保持繼電(dian)器,利(li)用12V電(dian)壓的(de)正負(fu)脈沖信號(hao)驅(qu)動。

(3)惡性負載智(zhi)能識別控制的基(ji)本(ben)原理

1、建立(li)數(shu)學(xue)(xue)模型(xing)。學(xue)(xue)生公寓智能(neng)控電管理系統(tong)根(gen)據學(xue)(xue)生使用電器的用電動態參數(shu)建立(li)數(shu)學(xue)(xue)模型(xing),根(gen)據其(qi)用電特點將電器分為阻性負(fu)載(zai)和感性負(fu)載(zai)。

2、自(zi)(zi)動識(shi)別(bie)(bie)控制。系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)CPU程(cheng)序自(zi)(zi)動跟蹤檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)瞬(shun)間(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)點的(de)(de)大小,經過分析后(hou)發出控制指(zhi)令。如(ru)(ru)下圖,假設系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)設置惡(e)性負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)300W,當(dang)(dang)(dang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)大于300W的(de)(de)阻性負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐、“熱(re)得快"等),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)測(ce)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)后(hou)發出指(zhi)令切(qie)斷該房(fang)(fang)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。當(dang)(dang)(dang)房(fang)(fang)間(jian)(jian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)感性負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)等),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)測(ce)后(hou)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai),所有的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)都(dou)不會(hui)累(lei)(lei)加(jia)(jia)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)房(fang)(fang)間(jian)(jian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)1500W的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)水器(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)CPU程(cheng)序實時(shi)(shi)跟蹤檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)水器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)瞬(shun)間(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)點處于開(kai)放的(de)(de)范(fan)圍,也會(hui)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)制指(zhi)令。如(ru)(ru)下圖,假設系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)設置惡(e)性負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)300W,當(dang)(dang)(dang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)大于300W的(de)(de)阻性負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐、“熱(re)得快"等),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)測(ce)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)后(hou)發出指(zhi)令切(qie)斷該房(fang)(fang)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。當(dang)(dang)(dang)房(fang)(fang)間(jian)(jian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)感性負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)等),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)測(ce)后(hou)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai),所有的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)都(dou)不會(hui)累(lei)(lei)加(jia)(jia)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)房(fang)(fang)間(jian)(jian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)1500W的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)水器(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)CPU程(cheng)序實時(shi)(shi)跟蹤檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)水器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)瞬(shun)間(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)點處于開(kai)放的(de)(de)范(fan)圍,也會(hui)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)。

(4)用電(dian)查(cha)詢管理器基本功(gong)能

1、查詢管理,單獨控制。用電(dian)查詢管理器設置在每棟(dong)學生(sheng)公寓樓,為本棟(dong)樓的中央控制單元(yuan)。

2、集(ji)成電(dian)路芯片。采用新(xin)一代(dai)工業(ye)計算機設計原理(li),集(ji)成了(le)CPU、存儲器、RS232接口、RS485接口,以及防止(zhi)程序鎖死的(de)看門(men)狗時鐘(zhong)控(kong)制芯片等。用電(dian)查(cha)詢管(guan)理(li)器設計為壁掛式小型箱體裝置,顯示(shi)面(mian)板采用LCD液晶(jing)顯示(shi)屏(ping),面(mian)板設置小型數字鍵盤。當(dang)系(xi)統管(guan)理(li)微機因故停機或人為關(guan)機時,用電(dian)查(cha)詢管(guan)理(li)器可(ke)以替代(dai)系(xi)統管(guan)理(li)微機的(de)部分工作,執(zhi)行本棟樓的(de)實時用電(dian)查(cha)詢功(gong)能和定時斷(duan)電(dian)送(song)電(dian)等任務。

(5)用電(dian)管(guan)理程序基本功(gong)能

1、房間號碼設置(zhi)。通過系(xi)(xi)統微(wei)機內的用電管理程序可以設置(zhi)學(xue)生公(gong)寓的樓(lou)號和房間號碼。如第5號學(xue)生公(gong)寓1樓(lou)的第8個(ge)房間,其(qi)對應的系(xi)(xi)統編號為5108。

2、房(fang)間(jian)定時限(xian)流(liu)。通(tong)過系統(tong)微(wei)機內的用電(dian)管(guan)(guan)理程序(xu)可以設置(zhi)實現每個單(dan)獨(du)房(fang)間(jian)的定時、定量、限(xian)電(dian)流(liu)等單(dan)獨(du)管(guan)(guan)理控(kong)制。

3、惡性負載(zai)識(shi)別(bie)。通(tong)過系(xi)統微機(ji)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)管理程序設置惡性負載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)識(shi)別(bie)功率,智能識(shi)別(bie)違章電(dian)(dian)器和普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)器。例(li)如:若識(shi)別(bie)功率設定為300W(識(shi)別(bie)功率高校(xiao)可按實際要求自行調整設定),則300W以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)爐、“熱得快"等(deng)違章電(dian)(dian)器一(yi)律被禁用(yong),而(er)正常的(de)(de)(de)(de)普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)器(如:電(dian)(dian)腦、照(zhao)明、臺燈等(deng))不管功率多少,全部正常使用(yong)。

4、收費管理(li)。通過系(xi)統微機(ji)內的(de)用(yong)電(dian)管理(li)程(cheng)序可以隨時為所有房(fang)(fang)(fang)間(jian)或每(mei)個房(fang)(fang)(fang)間(jian)交納電(dian)費。針對(dui)高校(xiao)為學生提供基(ji)本定(ding)(ding)額(e)免(mian)費電(dian)量(liang)的(de)要求,用(yong)電(dian)管理(li)程(cheng)序設置了定(ding)(ding)額(e)免(mian)費電(dian)量(liang)自動充值功能,在每(mei)月(yue)固定(ding)(ding)的(de)時間(jian)將基(ji)本定(ding)(ding)額(e)免(mian)費電(dian)量(liang)補充到(dao)所有房(fang)(fang)(fang)間(jian)或固定(ding)(ding)房(fang)(fang)(fang)間(jian)。

5、其(qi)他(ta)功能(neng)(neng)。本系(xi)統還設置了(le)欠費(fei)自動報警或停電(dian)(dian)、交費(fei)自動送電(dian)(dian)功能(neng)(neng),退費(fei)管(guan)(guan)理(li)功能(neng)(neng),換房管(guan)(guan)理(li)功能(neng)(neng),公用電(dian)(dian)費(fei)可分攤功能(neng)(neng)等。這些功能(neng)(neng)可以有效(xiao)的(de)(de)解決(jue)高校(xiao)學生(sheng)公寓用電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)中遇到的(de)(de)一(yi)些日常問題。如高校(xiao)一(yi)般每(mei)年調整一(yi)次學生(sheng)房間,退費(fei)管(guan)(guan)理(li)功能(neng)(neng)和換房管(guan)(guan)理(li)功能(neng)(neng)就比較適用。

(6)用電安全保護

1、短路(lu)過(guo)流保護。學生公(gong)寓智能(neng)控(kong)電管理(li)系統(tong)在(zai)系統(tong)控(kong)制機柜輸出端(duan)設置(zhi)了(le)短路(lu)、過(guo)流雙重(zhong)保護功能(neng),有效(xiao)保護了(le)學生用(yong)電時(shi)的人身(shen)安全。

2、違章(zhang)斷電(dian)(dian)。當(dang)學生(sheng)在(zai)房(fang)間內(nei)(nei)使用(yong)違章(zhang)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)時(shi),系統會在(zai)5秒鐘(zhong)(zhong)內(nei)(nei)切(qie)斷該房(fang)間的總電(dian)(dian)源;學生(sheng)將違章(zhang)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)摘除后,系統經(jing)過檢測識別后可在(zai)一分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)內(nei)(nei)自動恢復送(song)電(dian)(dian),無需人工進行(xing)恢復,安全用(yong)電(dian)(dian)十分(fen)方便。

(7)遠程控制及(ji)實(shi)時監控報(bao)警

1、遠(yuan)程控(kong)制。學生(sheng)公(gong)寓智能(neng)控(kong)電管(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)統所有(you)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)操作都可(ke)以在(zai)系(xi)統管(guan)理(li)(li)微(wei)(wei)機上完成,真正做(zuo)到了遠(yuan)程控(kong)制。所有(you)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)數據在(zai)系(xi)統管(guan)理(li)(li)微(wei)(wei)機和數字(zi)化(hua)單元(yuan)控(kong)制模塊之間實時傳(chuan)輸(shu)存儲、互為備份,確保了管(guan)理(li)(li)數據的(de)(de)安全(quan)性。

2、實(shi)(shi)時監(jian)控(kong)。在(zai)系(xi)統管理微機顯(xian)(xian)示器(qi)上,高校學(xue)生(sheng)公寓每個(ge)(ge)房(fang)(fang)間(jian)用(yong)電功率大小(xiao)以(yi)“★"號多(duo)少(shao)表示,“★"越多(duo)表示該房(fang)(fang)間(jian)實(shi)(shi)時用(yong)電功率越大。當鼠標(biao)指(zhi)向房(fang)(fang)間(jian)時,系(xi)統立即實(shi)(shi)時顯(xian)(xian)示所(suo)指(zhi)房(fang)(fang)間(jian)的實(shi)(shi)際用(yong)電功率參(can)數等數值(zhi),相當于設(she)置(zhi)了一個(ge)(ge)多(duo)參(can)數同時顯(xian)(xian)示虛擬電表。

(8)財務管理

1、財(cai)務統(tong)(tong)(tong)計分析。學(xue)生(sheng)公寓智能控電管理系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的管理程序還設置了財(cai)務報表統(tong)(tong)(tong)計、財(cai)務分析等功能,方便高校財(cai)務管理。同時系統(tong)(tong)(tong)自動記(ji)錄管理員的所有工作并生(sheng)成系統(tong)(tong)(tong)日志(zhi),系統(tong)(tong)(tong)日志(zhi)不可修改,避免了財(cai)務違規行為。

2、可擴展(zhan)性(xing)。學生(sheng)公寓智能控電管(guan)理(li)系統(tong)預留了聯網接口(kou),可以支持(chi)校園(yuan)一(yi)卡通收費(fei)管(guan)理(li)系統(tong)的授權收費(fei)終端,同時可提供與校園(yuan)一(yi)卡通對接的接口(kou)參(can)數等(deng)。

3、Acrel-EIOT能(neng)源物聯網云平臺

3.1概述

Acrel-EIoT能(neng)源(yuan)物(wu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)開放平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)是一套基于物(wu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)數(shu)據(ju)中臺(tai)，建(jian)立統一的上下(xia)行(xing)數(shu)據(ju)標準，為互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)用(yong)戶提(ti)供能(neng)源(yuan)物(wu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)數(shu)據(ju)服(fu)務的平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)。用(yong)戶僅(jin)需購買安科(ke)瑞物(wu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)傳感(gan)器，選配網(wang)(wang)關(guan)，自行(xing)安裝后掃碼即(ji)可使用(yong)手機和(he)電腦得到所(suo)需的行(xing)業(ye)數(shu)據(ju)服(fu)務。

該平臺提供數據駕駛艙、電氣安全監測、電能(neng)質量分(fen)析、用電管理(li)、預付費管理(li)、充(chong)電樁管理(li)、智能(neng)照明管理(li)、異常事件報(bao)警和記錄(lu)、運(yun)維管理(li)等功能(neng)，并(bing)支持多平臺、多語言、多終(zhong)端(duan)數據訪問。

3.2應用場所

本平臺適用于公寓出租戶、連鎖小超市、小型工廠、樓管系統集成商、小型物業、智慧城市、變配電站、建筑樓宇、通信基站、工業能耗、智能燈塔、電力運維等領域。

3.3平臺結構

3.4平臺功能

3.4.1電力集抄

電(dian)力集抄模塊(kuai)可(ke)以實現對各種監測數(shu)據的查詢(xun)、分析、預警及(ji)綜(zong)合(he)展示(shi)，以保證配(pei)電(dian)室的環境友好。在智能化(hua)方面實現供配(pei)電(dian)監控系統(tong)(tong)的遙(yao)測'、遙(yao)信、遙(yao)控控制，對系統(tong)(tong)進(jin)行綜(zong)合(he)檢測和統(tong)(tong)一管理；在數(shu)據資源(yuan)管理方面，可(ke)以顯示(shi)或查詢(xun)供配(pei)電(dian)室內各設備(bei)運行（包括歷史(shi)和實時參數(shu)，并根(gen)據實際情況進(jin)行日報、月報和年報查詢(xun)或打印，提高工作效率(lv)，節約人力資源(yuan)。

3.4.2能耗分析

能(neng)(neng)耗分(fen)析模塊采用自動(dong)化、信息化技(ji)術(shu)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)從能(neng)(neng)源數據采集、過程監(jian)控、能(neng)(neng)源介質(zhi)消(xiao)耗分(fen)析、能(neng)(neng)耗管(guan)(guan)理(li)等(deng)全過程的自動(dong)化、科學化管(guan)(guan)理(li)，使能(neng)(neng)源管(guan)(guan)理(li)、能(neng)(neng)源生產(chan)以及使用的全過程有(you)機結合起來，運(yun)用先進(jin)的數據處理(li)與(yu)分(fen)析技(ji)術(shu)，進(jin)行離線生產(chan)分(fen)析與(yu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)全廠能(neng)(neng)源系統(tong)(tong)的統(tong)(tong)一調度，優化能(neng)(neng)源介質(zhi)平(ping)衡、有(you)效利用能(neng)(neng)源，提高能(neng)(neng)源質(zhi)量、降低能(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)耗，達到節能(neng)(neng)降耗和提升整(zheng)體能(neng)(neng)源管(guan)(guan)理(li)水平(ping)的目的。

3.4.3預(yu)付費管理

1）登陸管(guan)理：管(guan)理操作員賬(zhang)戶(hu)及權限分配，查看系(xi)統(tong)日(ri)志(zhi)等功能；

2）系統配置：對(dui)建筑(zhu)、通訊(xun)管理機、儀表及默認參(can)數進行配置；

3）用戶管理(li)：對商鋪(pu)用戶執行(xing)開戶、銷戶、遠程(cheng)分合閘、批量操作(zuo)及記錄查詢(xun)等操作(zuo)；

4）售(shou)(shou)電管理：對已開戶的表進(jin)行遠程售(shou)(shou)電、退電、沖正及(ji)記錄查詢等操作；

5）售(shou)水管(guan)理：對已開(kai)戶(hu)的(de)表進行遠(yuan)程(cheng)售(shou)水、退水、記錄查詢等操作；

6）報(bao)表(biao)(biao)中(zhong)心：提供售(shou)電、售(shou)水財務報(bao)表(biao)(biao)、用(yong)能報(bao)表(biao)(biao)、報(bao)警報(bao)表(biao)(biao)等查(cha)詢，本系統(tong)所有的報(bao)表(biao)(biao)及記(ji)錄(lu)查(cha)詢，都支持excel格式導出。

3.4.4充電樁管理

通(tong)過物(wu)聯網技術，對(dui)接入系統的(de)(de)充電(dian)樁站點和(he)(he)各(ge)個充電(dian)樁進行不間斷(duan)地數據(ju)采集和(he)(he)監控，同(tong)時(shi)對(dui)各(ge)類故(gu)障如充電(dian)機過溫保護、充電(dian)機輸(shu)入輸(shu)出過壓、欠壓、絕緣檢測故(gu)障等(deng)一系列故(gu)障進行預(yu)警。云平臺包含了充電(dian)收費和(he)(he)充電(dian)樁運營(ying)的(de)(de)所有功(gong)能，包括城市級大屏、交易(yi)管(guan)(guan)理、財務(wu)管(guan)(guan)理、變壓器監控、運營(ying)分(fen)析、基礎(chu)數據(ju)管(guan)(guan)理等(deng)功(gong)能。

3.4.5智能照明

智能照(zhao)明(ming)通過物聯網技術(shu)對安(an)裝在城(cheng)市各區域的室(shi)內照(zhao)明(ming)、城(cheng)市路燈等(deng)照(zhao)明(ming)回路的用電狀態(tai)進(jin)行(xing)不間斷地(di)數據監測，也(ye)可以(yi)實現定時(shi)開關策(ce)略配置及后臺遠程管理和(he)移(yi)動管理等(deng)，降低路燈設施的維護難度和(he)成本，提(ti)升管理水平(ping)，并達到一定節能減(jian)掛的效果(guo)。

3.4.6安全用電

安(an)全用(yong)(yong)電采用(yong)(yong)自主研(yan)發的剩余電流(liu)互感(gan)器(qi)、溫(wen)度傳感(gan)器(qi)、電氣火(huo)災探(tan)測器(qi)，對引發電氣火(huo)災的主要因素(su)（導線溫(wen)度、電流(liu)和剩余電流(liu)）進行不(bu)間斷的數據(ju)跟蹤與統計分析，并(bing)將發現的各種隱患(huan)信(xin)息及時(shi)(shi)推送給(gei)企業管理人員，指導企業實現第一時(shi)(shi)間的排(pai)查和治理，達到消除潛在電氣火(huo)災安(an)全隱患(huan)，實現“防患(huan)于未然"的目的。

3.4.7智慧消防

通過(guo)云平臺進行(xing)數據分(fen)析、挖(wa)掘和(he)趨勢分(fen)析，幫助實(shi)現科學預警火災、網格化(hua)(hua)管理、落實(shi)多(duo)元責任監管等目標。補充了原(yuan)先針對(dui)“九(jiu)小場所"和(he)危(wei)化(hua)(hua)品生產企(qi)業無法有(you)效監控的空白，適(shi)應于所有(you)公建和(he)民建，實(shi)現了無人化(hua)(hua)值守智(zhi)慧消(xiao)防，實(shi)現智(zhi)慧消(xiao)防“自動化(hua)(hua)"、“智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)"、“系統化(hua)(hua)"、用電管理“精細化(hua)(hua)"的實(shi)際(ji)需求。

3.5系統硬件配置

4、結束語

“學生(sheng)公寓智(zhi)能控電(dian)管(guan)理系統(tong)"應是專門(men)針對高校學生(sheng)公寓用(yong)電(dian)特(te)點及(ji)其急需(xu)解(jie)決的(de)安(an)全(quan)用(yong)電(dian)問題(ti),采(cai)用(yong)智(zhi)能化數(shu)學模(mo)型控制技術(shu)構建的(de)全(quan)套數(shu)字化安(an)全(quan)用(yong)電(dian)管(guan)理系統(tong)技術(shu)解(jie)決方案(an)。目前市場上已有(you)一(yi)(yi)些技術(shu)產品可以(yi)滿足一(yi)(yi)般的(de)集中(zhong)用(yong)電(dian)管(guan)理要求,但(dan)在(zai)惡(e)性(xing)負載智(zhi)能識別控制技術(shu)和(he)實(shi)時跟蹤檢測手(shou)段等方面還有(you)待(dai)進一(yi)(yi)步提高。

參考文獻

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